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Titre :
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Influence of secondary compounds in the phloem sap of cassava on expression of antibiosis towards the mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti
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Auteurs :
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P. Calatayud ;
Y. Rahbe ;
B. Delobel ;
F. Khuonghuu ;
M. Tertuliano ;
B. Leru
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Type de document :
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article/chapitre/communication
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Année de publication :
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1994
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Format :
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47-57
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Langues:
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= Anglais
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Mots-clés:
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Phenacoccus manihoti
;
Homoptera
;
Pseudococcidae
;
Manihot esculenta
;
cassava
;
antibiosis
;
phloem sap
;
honeydew
;
plant phenolics
;
rutin
;
Mecanisme de resistance
;
Seve
;
Phloeme
;
Substance allelochimique
;
Compose secondaire
;
Taux de reproduction
;
Euphorbiaceae
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Résumé :
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Identification and assay of cyanogenic and phenolic compounds in phloem sap of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae) and in honeydew of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matt. Ferr. (Homoptera, Pseudococcidae) were realised. Cyanogenic glucosides and three flavonoid glycosides (rutin, kaempferol glycoside-1 and kaempferol glycoside-2) were found to be translocated in cassava phloem sap and consumed by the mealybug. Differences in profiles of secondary compounds of phloem sap and honeydew samples, characterised mainly by the appearance of free cyanide and of a free flavonoid, suggest the metabolic processing of at least some of the ingested compounds. The relationship between foliar concentrations of these different compounds and expression of the antibiotic resistance of cassava towards P. manihoti was also investigated in 7 varieties of cassava and in the 'faux-caoutchouc' hybrid. Infestation by mealybug was followed by a clear increase in levels of both rutin and kaempferol glycoside2, while no modification in cyanide contents was noted. The best rank correlation between antibiotic resistance (measured by the intrinsic rate of increase r(c)) and secondary compounds analyzed is observed with rutin contents of infested plants (p=-0.73; p=0.05). The possible implication of this compound in the biochemical mechanisms accompanying cassava defence reaction to mealybug attack is discussed.
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Source :
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Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata - 0013-8703, vol. 72, n° 1
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