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Résumé :
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This book deals with the physiological, environmental, and cultural regulation of growth of woody plants. The first chapter emphasizes the complexity of regulation of growth. Several aspects of genetic control of growth are addressed, including causes of genetic variation and opportunities for exploitation of genetic variation to increase production of wood, fruits, and seeds. Attention also is given to the difficulty of quantifying the effects of specific environmental stresses on growth. The second chapter describes seed germination and seedling growth, environmental and physiological regulation of germination, physiology of young seedlings, and production of seedlings in nurseries. The third and fourth chapters address physiological regulation of vegetative and reproductive growth, with emphasis on carbohydrate, mineral, water, and hormone relations (as well as respiration) in regulation of growth. The fifth chapter describes the impact of abiotic environmental factors (light, water, temperature, soil fertility, salinity, pollution, wind, and fire) and biotic factors (insects and diseases) on vegetative growth. The sixth chapter addresses the effects of light intensity and day length, temperature, water, soil fertility, salinity, and environmental pollution on such aspects of reproductive growth as floral induction, bud dormancy, flowering, pollen formation, growth as floral induction, bud dormancy, flowering, pollen formation, growth of pollen tubes, fertilization, and growth of fruits, cones, and seeds. The seventh chapter analyzes the effects on vegetative growth of site preparation, drainage of soil, herbicides, irrigation, correction of minral deficiencies, thinning of forest stands, pruning, use of growth regulators, and integrated pest management. The eighth chapter addresses effects of cultural management practices on reproductive growth. These include arrangement and spacing of trees, grafting, use of fertilizers, irrigation, thinning of forest stands, pruning, scoring or girdling of stems and branches, application of growth regulators, storage of harvested fruits, and prevention of freezing and chilling injury. The ninth chapter deals with the scope, techniques, accomplishments, and future potential of biotechnology.
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